Zahra Farzaneh
1, Maryam Farzaneh
2,3* 
1 Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
2 Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding Author: Maryam Farzaneh, PhD; Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Email: , Email:
Maryamfarzaneh2013@yahoo.com
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of death due to cancer. Liver transplantation, surgical liver resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the main options for the treatment of HCC. However, these methods are unable to limit the growth, survival, and metastasis of HCC cells. Several signaling pathways control propagation, metastasis, and recurrence of HCC. Recent studies have established new approaches for the prevention and treatment of HCC using miRNA technology. MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs with an average of 22 nucleotides that play critical roles in controlling gene expression in a variety of biological processes. miRNAs can induce or suppress HCC proliferation, migration, metastasis, and tumorigenesis. The anti-cancer effects of molecular agents can be evaluated directly in animal models or indirectly through the injection of HCC cell lines treated with anti-cancer agents. Targeting cancer-specific signaling pathways with miRNAs can be novel therapeutic strategies against HCC. This study provides the latest findings on using miRNAs in the control of HCC in both in vitro and in vivo models.