Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran Archives of Iranian Medicine 1029-2977 17 10 2014 10 01 Acute Brucellosis with Typical Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Accompanying Elevated Tumor Markers 0 0 EN Xiuyun Yin Yuhang Li Lijun Zeng Nong Yu Shiping Song Wei Zhang Jiankui Chen Jun Wang Liangding Hu Shuiping Chen Journal Article We reported a typical brucellosis, which was diagnosed as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Although some tumor markers (CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, CA19-9) in the patient’s serum were elevated, carcinomas were excluded by a variety of inspections including bone marrow aspirations, ultrasound examinations, and whole-body PET-CT scans. It was concluded that serum tumor markers are considered medically necessary as a screening test for brucellosis with HLH, however, detailed inspections were needed to make a final diagnosis. Moreover, combination of epidemiology investigations and laboratory inspections were helpful to determine the etiology of HLH and initiate the corresponding treatments