Jalal Heshmatnia
1 
, Maryam Sadat Mirenayat
1,2* , Mitrasadat Rezaei
3,4 , Felix Bongomin
5 , Mehrdad Bakhshayeshkaram
6, Payam Tabarsi
7, Kambiz Sheikhy
8 , Vida Mortezaee
1 1 Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NIRTLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Lung Transplantation Research Center (LTRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NIRTLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Pathology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Virology Research Center (VRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NIRTLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
6 Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Centre (PRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NIRTLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
7 Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NIRTLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
8 Tracheal Diseases Research Center (TDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NIRTLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding Author: Maryam Sadat Mirenayat, Lung Transplantation Research Center (LTRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NIRTLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NIRTLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-912-3378334; Email: , Email:
Mirenayat_M@yahoo.com
Abstract
Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is an uncommon disease principally affecting women during childbearing years and eventually leading to progressive respiratory failure. Lung transplantation is a viable option for patients with end-stage disease. LAM-related complications remain common, but recurrence of LAM following allograft transplantation is rare. We present a 25-year-old woman who presented with progressive dyspnea five years after bilateral lung transplantation for end-stage LAM. Histological examination of transbronchial lung biopsy sample confirmed recurrent LAM. We changed cyclosporine to sirolimus and she is currently being considered for re-transplantation.