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Arch Iran Med. 2021;24(7): 534-541.
doi: 10.34172/aim.2021.76

Scopus ID: 85114107563
  Abstract View: 3221
  PDF Download: 1718

Original Article

Comparing the Effect of Risperidone, Virtual Reality and Risperidone on Social Skills, and Behavioral Problems in Children with Autism: A Follow-up Randomized Clinical Trial

Sakineh Soltani Kouhbanani 1* ORCID logo, Razieh Khosrorad 2, Somayeh Zarenezhad 1, Seyedeh Manizheh Arabi 3

1 Department of Educational Sciences, Educational Sciences and Psychology Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Department of Health Education, Health Faculty, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
3 Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Email: s.soltani@um.ac.ir

Abstract

Background: Improving behavioral and social problems in children with autism requires extensive training programs even with parents at home. The main goal of this study is to design a virtual reality (VR) intervention based on the TEACCH method in combination with risperidone to evaluate its effectiveness on social and behavioral problems.

Methods: Forty-three children with autism (6–12 years old) randomly were divided into three groups: risperidone (n = 15), risperidone + VR (n = 15), and control (n = 13). The interventions lasted for 3 months (90 sessions) and post-test assessments were done immediately after intervention. Follow up tests were done 3 months after that.

Results: Risperidone + VR group showed significant differences in social skills (MD = 36.59; 95% CI: 30.74 to 38.42, P < 0.001, ŋ2 = 1.51 in post-test; MD = 19.63; 95% CI: 17.27 to 21.63, P < 0.001, ŋ2 = 0.86 in follow up); and behavioral symptoms (MD = -36.12 ; 95% CI: -39.72 to -36.91, P < 0.001, ŋ2 = 1.99 in post-test; MD = -28.82 ; 95% CI: -29.43 to -25.32, P < 0.001, ŋ2 = 1.58 in follow up) compared to the control group. However, the risperidone group showed significant differences in social skills (MD = 2.03; 95% CI: 0.82 to 3.67, P < 0.001, ŋ2 = 0.12) and behavioral symptoms (MD = -36.66; 95% CI: -38.96 to -34.27, P < 0.001, ŋ2 = 1.96) only in post-test. Thus, the experimental groups did not have any significant difference in post-test.

Conclusion: Combined interventions such as VR can enhance the effectiveness of risperidone response and boost children’s preparedness to practice and learn social interaction.


Cite this article as: Soltani Kouhbanani S, Khosrorad R, Zarenezhad S, Arabi SM. Comparing the effect of risperidone, virtual reality and risperidone on social skills, and behavioral problems in children with autism: a follow-up randomized clinical trial. Arch Iran Med. 2021;24(6):534-541. doi: 10.34172/aim.2021.76
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Submitted: 08 Jul 2020
Accepted: 13 Sep 2020
ePublished: 01 Jul 2021
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